Intrauterine Device

The IUD is an object that is placed inside the uterus by a physician. There are two different kinds manufactured in the United States today.

Paragard T380A, manufactured by Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, is made of plastic and uses copper as its active ingredient.

Progestasert®, manufactured by Alza Corporation, releases the hormone progesterone.

How does the IUD work?

Although doctors claim they aren't quite sure how the IUD works, it is clear that the IUD does not prevent ovulation, which means that the woman's body will still produce an egg during her monthly cycle.

When the IUD is put into place, it and the chemical it contains alters the fluids in the womb and the lining of the womb. The presence of the IUD irritates the lining. Because it inflames the wall of the uterus, this tissue becomes inhospitable to a newly formed embryo and the embryo cannot attach to the wall of the womb.

What are the side effects?

• septic abortion- infection that can cause high fever, endometriosis, and other complications

• continuation of pregnancy- dangerous for mother and baby

• ectopic pregnancy

• pelvic infection which can lead to sterility

• embedding the IUD in the uterus is very painful

• perforation of the uterine wall or cervix

• perforation of the urinary bladder

• heart injury

• spontaneous abortion

• backache

• copper toxicity (Wilson's disease)- poisoning of the organs

• anemia- decrease in red blood cells causing weakness and lack of energy

• localized pain that persists each time ovulation occurs

Resource: American Life League