Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a bacterium that can grow and multiply easily in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including the cervix (opening to the womb), uterus, and fallopian tubes in women and the urethra in women and men. The bacterium can also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus.

How do you get it?

Gonorrhea is spread through contact between the penis, vagina, mouth and anus. A person can also get an eye infection after touching infected genitals and then the eye.

Symptoms

Infected men may have a burning sensation when urinating, a white, yellow or green discharge from the penis, and painful and swollen testicles.

Women may experience painful or burning sensation when urinating, increased vaginal discharge, or vaginal bleeding.

Rectal infection symptoms in both men and women include discharge, anal itching, soreness, bleeding, or painful bowel movements.

Throat infections may cause a sore throat.

Complications

In women, gonorrhea is a common cause of pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID).

In men, gonorrhea can cause epididymitis, a painful condition of the testicles that can lead to infertility if left untreated. Gonorrhea can also affect the prostate and can lead to scarring of the urethra, making urination difficult.

Testing/Diagnosis

A sample for testing is obtained from the infected parts of the body and is sent to the lab for analysis. Gonorrhea that is present in the cervix or urethra can be diagnosed by a urine test. A Gram stain is a quick lab test that can sometimes be done in the clinic or office. A sample from the cervix or urethra can be examined under a microscope for the detection of bacteria.

Treatment

Several antibiotics can successfully cure gonorrhea.

Resources: Heritage House '76, Inc.